Growing Surinam Cherry in New Zealand

Surinam cherry (Eugenia uniflora), sometimes called pitanga, is a small, fast-growing subtropical fruit tree that is well-adapted to New Zealand’s warmer regions. It produces clusters of ribbed, cherry-sized fruit and is highly productive when grown in well-draining soil with good sun exposure. The tree is hardy and can tolerate light frost once established, making it suitable for many North Island locations and likely the South Island where container or greenhouse-grown.

Flavour and Colours

Surinam cherry fruit varies in colour and flavour depending on the variety:

• Red: Often the most controversial, red fruits can be slightly resinous and are not always sweet. If you have tried one and been put off, try the black types!
• Orange: Generally sweeter than red, with a mild resin flavour. These can be good depending on the origin.
• Black: The sweetest variety, with minimal to no resin. We prefer the Zill Dark variety which tastes similar to a dark cherry mixed with guava.

The fruit is best enjoyed fresh but can also be used for jams, sauces, and beverages when harvested in large quantities.

Time to Fruiting

Surinam cherry trees typically begin producing fruit within 2–4 years from seed, depending on climate and growing conditions. Flowering and fruiting can continue for much of the year in warmer regions.

Pollination

Surinam cherry is self-fertile, so a single tree can produce fruit. However, planting multiple trees can improve fruit set and yields. Sometimes flowers will not set fruit for the first season but may do if cross-pollinated.

Growing Conditions

Surinam cherry thrives in fertile, free-draining soils and prefers full sun, though it can tolerate partial shade. Young trees should be protected from prolonged frost, while mature trees are relatively hardy. The tree is also suitable for container growing in cooler regions, allowing protection during winter.

Maintenance

This tree is low-maintenance. Pruning can be done to shape the tree or manage size, and regular watering and fertilisation will encourage consistent fruiting. Surinam cherry grows as a small to medium shrub or tree, making it ideal for gardens or hedges. It is one of our easiest plants to grow and causes us the least fuss.

Our pick are the Zill Dark seedlings, a type we imported from the US and considered one of if not the best. Our seedlings should grow relatively true to type but may have some variability. We have also imported some types from Argentina which we now have available.